Vaclav Smil is a professor at the University of Manitoba who loves to crunch numbers. Just about every statement Smil makes in How the World Really Works is backed up by hard data. For anyone who believes the U.S. or the EU can reverse climate change anytime soon…Smil has the numbers that show that’s not going to happen in this century.
For me, the most important chapter in How the World Really Works is Chapter 3 with Smil’s Four Pillars of Modern Civilization. Smil shows our economy and life-style relies on four elements: cement, steel, plastics, and ammonia. And, all of them promote climate change by producing green house gases.
Smil’s numbers project more cement, steel, plastics, and ammonia in our future. I could see where modern economies would use more cement and steel in our buildings and roads and bridges. I could see where plastics are essential to appliances and cars and planes and medical devices. But…ammonia? Well, without ammonia–and Smil’s numbers show massive amounts–we would starve. Ammonia is an essential substance for farming. Without fertilizers, our farm products would plummet! Smil writes: “Ammonia: The Gas That Feeds the World” (p. 79). I had no idea!
So without non-polluting substitutes for cement, steel, plastics, and ammonia…nothing will change. More carbon dioxide and other green house gases will cloud our skies and ratchet up the heat and pollution. There’s no easy way out of this dilemma. Unless we can find a way to extract carbon dioxide from the atmosphere–and store it safely–we are literally cooked. How the World Really Works lays it all out with documentation. Decision makers need to read this book and take action now! GRADE: A
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
Introduction: Why Do We Need This Book? 1
1 Understanding Energy: Fuels and Electricity 13
2 Understanding Food Production: Eating Fossil Fuels 44
3 Understanding Our Material World: The Four Pillars of Modern Civilization 76
4 Understanding Globalization: Engines, Microchips, and Beyond 103
5 Understanding Risks: From Viruses to Diets to Solar Flares 134
6 Understanding the Environment: The Only Biosphere We Have 168
7 Understanding the Future: Between Apocalypse and Singularity 205
Appendix: Understanding Numbers: Orders of Magnitude 230
References and Notes 235
Acknowledgments 307
Index 309